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Bartholomew Bretherton (c.17751857) was a coach proprietor and landowner who lived in Rainhill, near Liverpool. He founded St Bartholomew's Church, Rainhill and owned Rainhill House, which became Loyola Hall. ==Biography== He was born at Hurst Green, near Clitheroe, in North Lancashire, where his father is believed to have been a farmer near Stonyhurst College. Later he and his brothers moved to Liverpool. In 1799 Bartholomew married Jane Atkinson at the parochial chapel of St Nicholas, Liverpool. Although he was a Catholic, it was not legal to marry in a Catholic church at that time. On his marriage certificate, he gave his occupation as 'flour dealer'. Bartholomew's brother, Peter (c.1770–1844) was originally a 'coachman' but in 1800 he purchased a coaching business, and soon after Bartholomew and his brothers Francis (c 1770–1833) and Joseph (c. 1781 – 1810) followed suit. Peter settled in Parr and his coaches ran from the Golden Lion in Dale St. Francis (c 1770 – 1833) lived at Maghull, where he owned stables and had a small coaching business. He had coaches (one called The Rocket) running from the Crown Inn, Redcross St and from the White Horse Inn, Dale St. Later Peter moved his business to the Birmingham area and settled in Yardley, Worcestershire. Joseph ( 1781–1810) lived at Sharples, near Bolton, Lancashire, where he had a small coaching business, but he was never part of the Liverpool traffic and died aged 29. Bartholomew operated from the Saracen's Head, Dale St and his coaches included Alexander, Bang Up. Lord Exmouth, North Britain, Defiance, Regulator, Royal Mail, Telegraph and Umpire. By 1822 he ran coaches to and from Manchester fourteen times a day and four left for London every day.〔Dickinson, Florence: ''A History of Transport Through Rainhill'', (Rainhill Civic Society 1979).〕〔Dickinson, Robert and Florence: ''The Story of Rainhill'', (Rainhill Civic Society 1968).〕 The first stage where horses were changed on journeys from Liverpool to Manchester or London was Rainhill and Bartholomew's first purchase of land there was in 1804. By 1807 he was living there and established stabling for 240 horses next to The Ship Inn. In 1824 he purchased a moiety (half) of Rainhill from James Gerard, a doctor. Soon after this he built himself a large house, Rainhill House (later it became Loyola Hall), and the beautiful St Bartholomew's Catholic Church in 1838–40. St Bartholomew's Church, Rainhill.〔''History'', (St. Bartholomew's Church site ) Retrieved 19 January 2013.〕 Bretherton was an important and influential resident of Rainhill, and was very much involved in the Rainhill locomotive trials in 1829, the route of which ran across part of his land. The only entrant to complete this trial successfully was the Rocket entered by George Stephenson and his son Robert. He continued as a coach proprietor until 1843. According to Prince Blucher (who married Evelyn Stapleton-Bretherton,〔Evelyn Princess Blucher and Major Desmond Chapman-Huston, editors. ''Memoirs of Prince Blucher'' (John Murray: London 1932), page 205.〕 Bartholomew is said to have raced one of the first trains from Liverpool to Manchester, and beaten it by twenty minutes. Bartholomew had two daughters, Jane (1805–1806) and Mary (1809–1883). Mary married William Gerard (1806–1844) (of the same family who had once owned a moiety of Rainhill) and later Gilbert Stapleton (1808–1856) but had no children. In 1869, she changed her surname to Stapleton-Bretherton. On Bartholomew's death in 1857, Mary inherited his properties. She enlarged Rainhill House renaming it Rainhill Hall (later it was sold to the Catholic Church and renamed Loyola Hall). In 1881 she purchased the second moiety of Rainhill, becoming a very wealthy woman. Bartholomew is buried in the family vault under the church he built, St Bartholomew's in Rainhill.〔Mosley, Charles, editor. ''Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage'', 107th edition, vol. 2. (Delaware, 2003), p. 1536.〕〔''Rainhill'', (British History Online ) Retrieved 19 January 2013〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bartholomew Bretherton」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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